As delegates from around the world convene in Baku, Azerbaijan, for the U.N. Climate Change Conference, a new report suggests that agriculture could become greenhouse gas negative.

Marty Matlock, a professor of biological and agricultural engineering with the U of A and the U of A System Division of Agriculture, is a leading author of the recently published report "Potential for U.S. Agriculture to Be Greenhouse Gas Negative," which will be presented at the conference on Nov. 20.

"U.S. agriculture has the technologies and practices necessary to achieve greenhouse gas-negative agriculture this decade," Matlock said.

Matlock's co-authors include Jerry L. Hatfield, retired U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service laboratory director; Ying Wang, former research associate with U.S. Farmers and Ranchers in Action; and Charles W. Rice, University Distinguished Professor at Kansas State University.

At the conference, Rice will present the report's findings and highlight how agriculture provides food security, supports livelihoods and accelerates progress to limit climate change and enhance biodiversity.

Carbon dioxide is released back to the atmosphere through processes associated with agricultural production, along with methane from ruminants and nitrous oxide from nitrogen fertilizer use. The report shows that U.S. agriculture, which currently accounts for roughly 10 percent of total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions, has the potential to reduce its footprint and become a "carbon sink."

Carbon sinks reduce atmospheric greenhouse gases by capturing or storing carbon in another form. For example, trees and cover crops can sequester carbon, while anaerobic digesters can capture methane by using bacteria to maximize manure breakdown in sealed vessels where methane-rich biogas is generated.

Matlock noted that the authors see greenhouse gas-negative agriculture as a promising and achievable path forward. The report presents five major areas of opportunity:

• Soil carbon management
• Nitrogen fertilizer management
• Animal production and management
• Efficient energy use
• Closing the crop yield gap

More aggressive adoption of regenerative practices in these areas provides the opportunity for U.S. agriculture to more than offset its carbon footprint, Matlock explained.

"This report, co-authored by 26 of the nation's leading agricultural scientists, provides a clear pathway for achieving this goal," Matlock said. "But only farmers and ranchers can make this happen, in partnership with our land-grant universities and USDA," Matlock said.

Matlock noted that the authors recommend that producers, researchers and stakeholders across the agricultural sector and beyond review the report and consider how they can support the vital role that farmers and ranchers play in our lives and our national security.

Read the report for free here: https://bit.ly/3O8hbOo.