Zika virus continues to make headlines with the first reported local transmission cases being confirmed in Miami, Florida in late July. While no local transmission of the virus has occurred in Arkansas, the Pat Walker Health Center wants to continue to urge the campus community to take the necessary precautions to prevent contracting the virus, both locally and abroad.

Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that is spread primarily by the Aedes genus of mosquitoes, mainly the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which also spreads dengue and yellow fever virus, and Chikungunya.

"We continue to monitor the ongoing situation with Zika virus through regular updates from the Center for Disease Control," said Dr. Huda Sharaf, medical director for the health center. "Although there is no vaccine to prevent contracting the Zika virus, the campus community should continue to take necessary precautions"

While only 20 percent of Zika-infected persons show symptoms, symptoms are generally mild and can last anywhere from a few days to a week. Symptoms can include fever, raised red rash, joint pain, headache and red eyes.

Zika and pregnancy

Zika virus has generated the most headlines in reference to it's high-risk to pregnant women and women planning to become pregnant. The Zika virus has been linked to a serious birth defect called microcephaly, as well as other severe fetal brain defects.

An infected male can sexually transmit Zika virus, both through vaginal and anal intercourse. Men returning from, or living in Zika infected areas with no Zika symptoms should use condoms for eight weeks after leaving the affected area; six months if symptoms were or are present.

Preventing Zika virus

There is currently no vaccine to prevent contracting the Zika virus, or specific medication to treat the infection.

"The best way to prevent getting Zika is through regular mosquito bite prevention including EPA-approved repellant, wearing long pants and sleeves, and removing standing water," said Sharaf. "Practicing safe sex with condom use, or abstaining from sex, is the best way to prevent sexually transmitted Zika."

Testing for Zika virus

Zika virus testing is now available through Quest, as well as our local/state health departments and the CDC.

"A blood or urine test can confirm a Zika infection, but mass screening is not recommended especially for individuals who show no symptoms and are not included in the at-risk population," said Sharaf. "If you have questions about whether you need to be tested, contact our Nurse Triage line at 479-575-4451."

• Travelers returning from Zika-affected areas should consult their medical provider if flu-like symptoms develop within two weeks of returning home.
• Pregnant woman returning from Zika-affected areas should consult with her physician even without showing symptoms.

For more information about the Zika virus, view the health center website or the CDC Zika webpage.